baeff



(No Model.)

F. S. BARFF & G 85 A. S. BOWER.

FURNACE FOR EFFEGTING THE PROTECTION OF IRON AND STEEL SURFAGES.

N0. 273,799. Patented Mar. 13,1883.

. n drawn/W @MCMIO/B Am] UNITED warns Farce,

ATENT FREDERICK S. BARFF, OF KILBURN, COUNTY OF MIDDLESEX, AND GEORGEBOWER AND ANTHONY S. BOWER, OF ST. NEOTS, COUNTY OF HUNTING-DON,.ENGLAND; SAID BARFF ASSIGNOR TO SAID GEORGE AND ANTHONY S. BOWER.

FURNACE FOR EFFECTING THE PROTECTION OF IRON AND STEEL SURFACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 273,799, dated March13, 1883.

Application filed December 14, 1881.

(No model.) Patented in England July 28, 1881, No. 3,304; in FranceAugust 30, 1881, No.

144,626; in Belgium September 1, 1881, No. 55,621; in Italy September24, 1881; in Sweden October 15, 1881; in Austria October 20, 1881, andin Norway April 4, 1882.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, FREDERICK SETTLE BARFF, of 100 Abbey Road, Kilburn,county of Middlesex, England, and GEORGE BOWER and ANTHONY SPENCERBowna, both of St. Neots, in the county of Huntingdon, England, and allsubjects of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, have inventedcertain Improvements in Furnaces for Effecting the Protection of Ironand Steel Surfaces, (for which Letters Patent have been obtained inGreat Britain, No. 3,304, dated July 28, 1881; in France, No. 141,626,dated August 30, 1881; in Belgium, No. 55,621, dated September 1,

I5 1881; in Austria, dated October 29, 1881; in

Norway, dated April 4, 1882 in Sweden,dated October 15, 1881, and inItaly, dated Septemher 2 1, 1881,) of which the following is aspecification.

This invention consists of certain improvements in the construction ofthat class of furnaces for which Letters Patent No. 270,005 were grantedto G. and A. S. Bower January 2, 1883. In this patent is described afurnace for carrying out the operation of producing a coating ofmagnetic oxide upon iron and steel surfaces by means of carbonic-acidgas.

The main object of our present invention is to so construct the furnacethat one and the same furnace may be used for the production of the saidprotective coating by any one of the well-known processes for thatpurpose namely, by the use of superheated steam, of carbonic-acid gas,or of air or oxygen, or of any equivalent oxidizing: agent, according tothe requirements of the operation, while at the same time we providemeans for producing or heating the oxidizing agent, when practicable, bythe waste heat of the furnace.

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents a longitudinal sectionof a furnace constructed and arranged according to our said invention.Figs. 2 and 3 are transverse sections of the same, taken respectivelyalong the 5 lines 1 2 and 3 4, Fig. l; and Figs. 4: and 5 are horizontalsections, taken respectively along the lines 5.6 and 7 8, Fig. 1.

A is a chamber or retort, into which the objects or articles upon whichthe protective coat-- ing is to be produced are placed. This chamber orretort is constructed by preference of cast-iron, and is protectedexternally by firebrick tiles, excepting at the bottom, which is hollowand divided into a series of longitudinal channels, B B B B B B Bforming to gether a zigzagor circuitous conduit, along which air,carbonic-acid gas, oxygen, aqueous vapor, or other oxidizing agent maybe caused to pass beneath the said chamber or retort.

At the side of the chamber or retort are arranged gas-producers O (3 0from which the carbonic oxide and hydrocarbons generated pass downwardthrough the channel D, their tlow being regulated by the damper E. Anair-valve, F, is provided on the side of this flue to regulate thequantity ofair for combustion. The products therefore are conductedalong the flue G, and thence upward through the various openings H H toH These openings are severally provided with small dampers, so that anyone of them may be opened or closed at will. The products of combustionthen pass round the chamber or retort A, and make their exit through theopenings K K to K into the channel L, thence pass round thepartition-wall M into the line N and away to thechiinney by theunderground flue O. In the flues L and N are respectively placed twocastiron pipes, Pand Q, which are both filled with cast-iron ballsot'suitable dimensions, or other convenient dividing and heat-conductingmaterial. by a small pipe, R, which water is converted into steam by theheat of the waste gases at the exteriorot' thepipe. The steam is thenceconducted by a pipe, S, into the channel Bin the bottom of the chamberA, and, passing along the zigzag or circuitous conduit formed by thechannels B to B enters the chamber A in a superheated condition by aseries ofsuiall supply is efl'ected by means of a micrometerholes,T Tto'l The regulation ot'the waterscrew placed above a thick glass tube,so that the exact quantity passing may be seen. The

\Vater is allowed to enter the pipe Q- water is supplied under suchpressure as may be found convenient, and by passing through the mass ofcast-iron balls, or their equivalent, and then along the channels in thebottom of the chamber A, becomes converted into steam at an exceedinglyhigh temperature, and at the same time absorbs the heat which wouldotherwise escape up the chimney and be wasted. A gas-pipe, U, with asuitable closefitting valve, V, is also provided, leadinginto the top ofthe chamber A from the producers U 0 (J and an exit-pipe, also fittedwith a valve, leads to the chimney-flue. Means may also be provided toallow the entry of petroleum or other oils for the purpose of producinga rich gas, for reducing rust to magnetic oxide at. a low temperature,or for cleaning iron or steel surfaces.

The gas from the producers may be used in any mannerthat may be foundconvenient. If necessary, it may be caused to pass through the chamberwithout admixture of air for the purpose of reducing rust or of cleaningiron, or else air may be admitted through the sightholes 1 in the doors2 2, so that combustion may take place with the entering gas to heat thearticles contained therein, as also to oxidize them with carbonic acid.If necessary, also, the valve E, leading to the chimney, may be slightlyopened, so as to create a draft through the chamber or retort A, the airentering the doors being employed to oxidize the articles in the chamberor retort, while any production of red oxide may be reduced to magneticoxide by the furnace-gas, or by bydrocarbon or other oils admitted intothe chamber or retort, as hereinbefore described.

The articles to be operated upon are introduced into the chamber orretort A in cages carried on tables, which are supported on the spindlesof loose rollers, the peripheries of which run on the rails of thetrack. Forthe convenience of working, two or more tables, with theircages, are employed, so that when one table, with its cage containingthe articles 4 to be operated on, is inside the chamber or re tort Aanother table may be outside unloading or reloading.

Goal is supplied to the gas-prod ucers through hoppers, one of which isshown at 0 e e e are additional sets of fire-bars, which are introducedabove the ordinary fire-bars, d d 61 white the latter are removed andthe bottom of the fires cleaned from clinkers' and dirt.

We claim as our invention- 1. The combination of a retort, A. andinclosing-chamber with gas-producers O G G, flue G, communicating withthe producers and with said chamber, outlet-tines leading to thechimney, gas-pipe U, forming a communication' between the producers andthe interior of the retort, and an outlet, W.

2. The combination of a retort, A, an inclos ing-chamber, andgas-producers O (J 0 communicating with said chamber, pipe U, having avalve, V, and doors 2 of the retort, having openings 1, substantially asdescribed.

3. The combination ofa retort, A, having steam-chambers B B &c., in itsbottom, and perforations T T with gas-producers for heating said retort,exit-fines for the products of combustion, and steam-pipes insaidexit-flues, and communicating with the steam-chambers B B 8210., allsubstantially as described.

4. Thecombination of a retort havingsteamchambers B B &c., in itsbottom, and perfo- Witnesses CHAS. MILLS, JOHN JAMES, Both of 47Lincolns Inn Fields London.

